Thursday, February 20, 2025

Endovascular Treatment for Stroke Due to Occlusion of Medium or Distal Vessels

중·원위 혈관 폐색으로 인한 뇌졸중에 대한 혈관내 치료에 관한 연구

본 연구는, DISTAL VESSELS는 중간(M2-M4) 또는 원위부(A1-A3, P1-P3) 두개내 뇌혈관 폐색 환자에서 동맥내 혈전제거술(Endovascular Thrombectomy, EVT)의 효과를 평가한 다기관, 무작위 대조 연구(RCT), EVT+최적 내과적 치료(Best medical treatment, BMT) BMT 단독의 결과를 비교하는 방식으로 진행하였다.

연구의 방법은, 543(여성 44%, median age 77)이 등록되었으며 초기 NIHSS 중앙값 6(IQR 5-9), 주요 폐쇄혈관은 M2(44%), M3(26.9%), P2(13.4%), P1(5.5%), 정맥내혈전용해제(tPA) 65.4%에서 사용되었다.

연구결과를 살펴보면, EVT+BMT (271) BMT (272)을 비교 분석한 결과, EVT+BMT군에서 90일 후 mRS 중앙값이 BMT 단독군과 차이가 없었으며(common OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.67~1.22, p=0.50), 기능적 독립(mRS 0-2) 비율도 차이가 없었다.

또한 EVT 시행이 전체 장애 수준(mRS shift)에 대한 유의한 개선 효과를 보이지 않았고, 90일 사망률도 EVT+BMT(15.5%) vs. BMT(14.0%)으로 차이가 없었다.

















그러나 EVT+BMT군에서 증상성 뇌내출혈(SICH) 발생률이 증가(EVT+BMT 5.9% vs. BMT 2.6%)했으며(OR 2.38, 95% CI 0.44~6.14), 따라서 EVT 적용 시 출혈 위험을 고려한 신중한 치료 결정이 필요하였다.

하위군 분석에서는 연령, 성별, NIHSS 중증도, 허혈 위치, IV tPA 사용 유무에 관계없이 EVT의 이점이 일관되지 않았으며, NIHSS >5인 중등도 이상 환자에서도 EVT의 효과가 확인되지 않았다.

결론적으로, DISTAL VESSELS 연구는 중간 및 원위부 두개내뇌혈관 폐색 환자에서 EVT가 기능적 회복이나 생존율 개선에 기여하지 않음을 시사하는 것으로 나타났다.

, 본 연구는 향후 특정 환자군에서 EVT의 효과에 대해서 추가적으로 검증할 필요성이있는 것이 사실이다.

※ Source : Marios Psychogios, M.D., Alex Brehm, Ph.D., Marc Ribo, M.D., Federica Rizzo, M.D., Daniel Strbian, Ph.D., Silja Räty, M.D., Juan F. Arenillas, M.D., 56, From Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Hospital Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona; Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki; Department of Neurology, Stroke Program and Clinical Neurosciences Research Group, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Department of Neurology, Stroke Program, University Hospital Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain; Institute of Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany: Dresden Neurovascular Center, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Radiology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels; Department of Neurology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Neuroprotection and Neuromodulation Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels; Department of Neurology, Hôpital Civil Marie Curie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Charleroi, Charleroi, Belgium; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, and University Neurovascular Center Leiden–the Hague — both in Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam; Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva; Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neuroradiology, Central University Hospital Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Comprehensive Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, for the DISTAL Investigators. Dr. Psychogios can be contacted at marios.psychogios@usb.ch or at the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. Dr. Fischer can be contacted at urs.fischer@insel.ch or at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Rosenbühlgasse 25, 3010 Bern, Switzerland. Endovascular Treatment for Stroke Due to Occlusion of Medium or Distal Vessels. N Engl J Med. 2025; 392:1374-1384 doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2408954. Vol. 392 No.14. (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2408954)